Red-osier dogwood, a native species of flowering plant in North America, has been reported to have anti-oxidative properties because of abundant phenolic compounds; this could be promising as a functional food or a feed additive. In the present study, an oxidative damage model using 1.0 mM hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in Caco-2 cells was established to evaluate the antioxidative effects of red-osier dogwood extracts (RDE). The results showed that 1.0 mM H₂O₂ pre-exposure for 3 h significantly decreased cell viability, and increased interleukin 8 (IL-8) secretion and the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Caco-2 cells were treated with 100 µg/mL RDE for 24 h after pre-exposure to H₂O₂. It was found that the decreased cell viability caused by H₂O₂ was significantly restored by a subsequent 100 µg/mL RDE treatment. Furthermore, the IL-8 secretion and ROS level were significantly blocked by RDE, accompanied by the enhanced gene expression of hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the enhanced protein expression of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf-2). Moreover, RDE improved barrier functions in Caco-2 cells. Using RDE reduced the diffusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran and increased the transepithelial resistance (TEER) value. The relative mRNA level of tight junction claudin-1, claudin-3, and occludin was elevated by RDE. These extracts also repaired the integrity of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) damaged by H₂O₂ and increased the protein expressions of ZO-1 and claudin-3 in the H₂O₂-pretreated cells. These results illustrated that RDE reduced the ROS level and enhanced the barrier function in oxidative-damaged epithelial cells.

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zo1 interleukin 8 il8 secretion oxidative damage model oxidativedamaged epithelial intracellular reactive oxygen species transepithelial resistance occludin ros cell viability hemeoxygenase1 zonula occludens1 antioxidative diffusion of fluorescein isothiocyanate preexposure erythroidderived 2like caco2 tight junction claudin1 claudin3

Runqiang Yang,Qianru Hui,Qian Jiang,Shangxi Liu,Hua Zhang,Jiandong Wu,Francis Lin,Karmin O,Chengbo Yang,.Effect of Manitoba-Grown Red-Osier Dogwood Extracts on Recovering Caco-2 Cells from H₂O₂-Induced Oxidative Damage. 8 (8),.

Runqiang Yang,Qianru Hui,Qian Jiang,Shangxi Liu,Hua Zhang,Jiandong Wu,Francis Lin,Karmin O,Chengbo Yang,"Effect of Manitoba-Grown Red-Osier Dogwood Extracts on Recovering Caco-2 Cells from H₂O₂-Induced Oxidative Damage" 8

Runqiang Yang,Qianru Hui,Qian Jiang,Shangxi Liu,Hua Zhang,Jiandong Wu,Francis Lin,Karmin O,Chengbo Yang,"Effect of Manitoba-Grown Red-Osier Dogwood Extracts on Recovering Caco-2 Cells from H₂O₂-Induced Oxidative Damage"