Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by the presence of functionally exhausted HBV-specific CD8+ T cells. To characterize the possible residual effector ability of these cells, we reexposed CD8+ T cells from chronically HBV replicating mice to HBV antigens in an acute activation immune environment. We found that after transfer into naive mice, exhausted CD8+ T cells reexpanded in a comparable magnitude as naive CD8+ T cells in response to acute HBV infection; however, their proliferation intensity was significantly lower than that of CD8+ T cells from acute-resolving HBV replicating mice (AR mice). The differentiation phenotypes driven by acute HBV replication of donor exhausted and naive CD8+ T cells were similar, but were different from those of their counterparts from AR mice. Nevertheless, exhausted CD8+ T cells maintained less activated phenotype, an absence of effector cytokine production and poor antiviral function after HBV reexposure in an acute activation immune environment. We thus conclude that exhausted CD8+ T cells undergo a stable form of dysfunctional differentiation during chronic HBV replication and switching immune environment alone is not sufficient for the antiviral functional reconstitution of these cells.

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immune environment dysfunctional differentiation effector cytokine hbvspecific cd8 residual effector antiviral functional reconstitution

Qin Wang,Qin Wang,Wen Pan,Yanan Liu,Jinzhuo Luo,Dan Zhu,Yinping Lu,Xuemei Feng,Xuecheng Yang,Ulf Dittmer,Mengji Lu,Dongliang Yang,Dongliang Yang,Jia Liu,Jia Liu,.Hepatitis B Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Maintain Functional Exhaustion after Antigen Reexposure in an Acute Activation Immune Environment. 9 (),.

Qin Wang,Qin Wang,Wen Pan,Yanan Liu,Jinzhuo Luo,Dan Zhu,Yinping Lu,Xuemei Feng,Xuecheng Yang,Ulf Dittmer,Mengji Lu,Dongliang Yang,Dongliang Yang,Jia Liu,Jia Liu,"Hepatitis B Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Maintain Functional Exhaustion after Antigen Reexposure in an Acute Activation Immune Environment" 9

Qin Wang,Qin Wang,Wen Pan,Yanan Liu,Jinzhuo Luo,Dan Zhu,Yinping Lu,Xuemei Feng,Xuecheng Yang,Ulf Dittmer,Mengji Lu,Dongliang Yang,Dongliang Yang,Jia Liu,Jia Liu,"Hepatitis B Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells Maintain Functional Exhaustion after Antigen Reexposure in an Acute Activation Immune Environment"