The primary amine along the chitosan backbone plays a key role in biomedical applications. Although chitosan-based porous scaffolds have been widely used in tissue engineering, it remains very challenging to regulate uncross-linking primary amine content (C N ) in scaffolds in order to realize particular mechanical and biological properties. In the present study, chitosan/tripolyphosphate (TPP) scaffolds with controlled C N (i.e., degree of cross-linking) were prepared based on the ionic-dependent solubility of chitosan together with the freezing process. The effects of the concentration of TPP (C TPP ) and NaCl (C NaCl ) in the cross-linking solution on C N were studied by infrared spectroscopy, ninhydrin assays and elemental analysis. The results showed that C N decreased with increasing C TPP and decreasing C NaCl . C N affected physicomechanical properties such as swelling behavior and the mechanical strength of the chitosan/TPP scaffolds. The uncross-linking primary amine in scaffolds can be used for chemical and biological modifications. The protein loading of the scaffolds demonstrated that the pH-responsive adsorption and release behavior was influenced by C N . Cell experiments also illustrated that C N affected the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). All of these results indicate that these porous chitosan/TPP scaffolds containing uncross-linking primary amines are potentially useful for applications in regenerative bone medicine.

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nacl uncrosslinking primary amine content freezing chitosanbased porous scaffolds tissue engineering proliferation regenerative bone medicine swelling behavior ionicdependent solubility infrared spectroscopy ninhydrin assays physicomechanical bone marrow mesenchymal stem inf locpost italicnaclitalic inf italiccitalic inf locpost italicnitalic inf biomedical applications protein loading phresponsive adsorption and release behavior chitosan chemical and biological modifications elemental analysis

Yuan Chai,Yongxiang Xu, Hong Lin, Xuehui Zhang, Jianmin Han, Shenpo Yuan,.Development of porous chitosan/tripolyphosphate scaffolds with tunable uncross-linking primary amine content for bone tissue engineering. 85 (0),.

Yuan Chai, et al."Development of porous chitosan/tripolyphosphate scaffolds with tunable uncross-linking primary amine content for bone tissue engineering" 85

Yuan Chai,Yongxiang Xu, Hong Lin, Xuehui Zhang, Jianmin Han, Shenpo Yuan,"Development of porous chitosan/tripolyphosphate scaffolds with tunable uncross-linking primary amine content for bone tissue engineering"