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IKCEST
Anthony Scimè
Introduction: His research focusses is to understand how the Rb family of transcriptional repressors, p107 Rb and p130, intervenes in myogenic and adipogenic stem cell lineage commitment and differentiation. Studying this will lead to a greater insight into a wide range of health problems that will have an impact on almost everybody. For example; obesity develops with a negative energy balance that happens when energy intake outweighs energy expenditure. Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in the control of energy balance, with white adipose tissue that stores energy in the form of lipid and brown adipose tissue that metabolizes fatty acid to generate heat. In this regard, the RB family of transcriptional repressors acts as switches to adipogenic stem cells determining white versus brown adipocyte formation. Another example is the gradual decrease in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and endurance coupled with an ineffective response to tissue damage that occurs in aging. Muscle fiber loss is counteracted by satellite cells, the adult myogenic stem cells that are capable of lifelong maintenance and repair. Satellite cells from aged individuals have a marked decrease in their proliferative and self-renewal capacities that are influenced by the Rb family. Thus, understanding the function of the Rb family in stem cell fate will lead to a greater insight on ameliorating a wide range of health problems that will impact most of society from obesity that is linked to type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer to skeletal muscle weakness that occurs in aging and many neuromuscular disorders.