Language：English

Training target：(A) To provide technical training support for the establishment of China's leading resource and environment data sharing network along the Silk Road Economic Belt, so that more countries are willing and able to become data network nodes, so as to broaden the channel of data resources, and build a data sharing network serving the region in a larger scope; (B) To form a distributed data sharing network by providing software, standards, services, resource construction and other technical training forces and to reserve more excellent talents for data sharing services；(C)To accumulate and share disaster scientific data in the region and improve the disaster risk reduction knowledge service；(D) To provide a batch of basic data resources for the regional data sharing, optimize the data sharing mechanism, improve the data sharing efficiency, and support the B&R initiative.

Training content：(A) Framework and technology system for the B&R resource and environment data sharing platform; (B) Software development technology of the B&R resource and environment data sharing platform；(C) Standard technology of the B&R resource and environment data sharing platform；(D) Service model and application technology of the B&R resource and environment data sharing；(E) Resource construction and management technology of the B&R resource and environment data sharing.

Training method：It adopts the combination of indoor teaching, computer operation, exchange & discussion and field investigation.

2. Project Implementation

2.1 Enrollment

Enrollment range：Technical backbones engaged in data management and system development in countries along the B&R, or managers who can play a key role in promoting data sharing in their country or work unit, institutions personnel with network platform construction capabilities are preferred. A total of 20 people will be recruited, and 2 people will be recruited in each country.

Enrollment scale：With the simultaneous support of the of the Bureau of international cooperation Chinese Academy of Sciences, the influence of this training workshop has expanded significantly, and over 60 students from more than 10 countries have signed up. A total of 18 students from 8 countries registered, they are from Russia (6), Mongolia (6), Pakistan (1), India (1), Nepal (1), Thailand (1), Bolivia (1), Sudan (1).

2.2 Courses and Teaching Materials

Training method：It adopts the combination of indoor teaching, computer operation, exchange and discussion and field investigation.

(1) On-the-spot teaching. Teaching and training will be conducted by integrating excellent teachers in the fields of geography, resources, environment, ecology, information, network, management and related interdisciplinary directions. We have invited many experts, as well as excellent teachers in above fields to carry out teaching and training. The title of the report is shown in the following table:

(2) Computer operation. Instruct the trainees to operate on the computer, carry out the operation of international and national scientific data sharing platforms, and use their own national data for data sharing operations (such as data release, review, data file compilation, etc.).

(3) Field investigation. In terms of practice and internships, students were organized to visit the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Technology Center of the Governmental Basic Scientific and Technical Conditions Platforms, the Aerospace Museum of Beihang University, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, CAS, National Space Science Center, etc. At the same time, students were organized to visit the State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information Systems, Pintuzhai, Local Chronicles Museum for Antiquarian Books, National Earth System Science Data Sharing Center, Chinese Ecosystem Research Network (CERN).

(4) Participation in other relevant activities

a. Students were organized to attend the World Data System Asia-Oceania Conference 2019. A total of 6 session were organized. Topics include international data cooperation, geophysical and space science data, development of data sharing systems, ocean and polar data, data processing and evaluation, and the International Federation of Science World Data Systems Forum. A total of 33 oral reports and 12 posters were displayed in the exchange. This conference significantly promoted the exchange and cooperation of World Data System Asia-Oceania data centers, and further enhanced the influence of China's scientific data centers in the international community.

b. Students were organized to attend the International Conference on Silk Roads Disaster Risk Reduction and Sustainable Development, SiDRR Conference. The purpose of the conference was to effectively respond to the Silk Roads disaster risk reduction and sustainable development. Under the framework of the B&R, the meeting focused on disaster reduction and sustainable development, fully consolidated international consensus, planned a new path of science and technology cooperation for disaster reduction, and build a new platform for international collaborative disaster reduction. It was committed to promoting more scientifically and effectively respond to major natural disaster risks, to providing scientific and technological solutions for promoting sustainable development of the countries along the B&R, to improving the well-being of all countries, and to providing strong scientific and technological support for the joint construction of the B&R and the common prosperity of all countries. Dr. Alexander Ayurzhanaev, from, Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences made a report in the 22nd session of the conference and won the excellent report award of SiDRR conference.

c. To better promote exchanges, organize academic exchanges among scholars, hold group luncheons, enhance understanding and seek potential cooperation directions.

(5) Reception Arrangement

In terms of accommodation, we respect the differences in nationality of students and protect personal privacy, and provide each student with a separate room. We also arrange staff to stay in the same hotel with the students, so as to take care of them and deal with emergencies.

In terms of food, considering the eating habits of Muslim students, we have made a map of the restaurants near the park, and choose halal restaurants or order halal food for class dinner.

In terms of airport pick-up, we arranged special personnel and special vehicle to provide pick-up service for students day and night.

In terms of daily management, we adopt a group-responsible system. In principle, it is divided into 4 groups according to the country, each group is equipped with a team leader, and each group is assigned a Chinese contact person to be responsible for the daily management of the students.

2.3 Online Questionnaire and Examination

At the beginning of the workshop, the DRR instructed the trainees to complete IKCEST user registration，and at the end of the workshop, the DRR instructed the trainees to complete the online questionnaire on May 7, 2019. With all the trainees’ support, we obtained 17 valid questionnaires. Among them, 13 students' correct rate of answering questions is more than 80%, accounting for 76% of all students. 11 students passed the examination at one time, accounting for 65% of all. This shows that the workshop has achieved the expected results. Through this workshop, students have a deep understanding of the B&R, scientific data sharing, disaster risk reduction, and have initially mastered the related technologies and methods of resource and environment data sharing, disaster risk reduction, which will be of great help to their practice and work in this field in the future. The statistical sample of the questionnaire is detailed in Annex 1 and Annex 2.

3. Training Effect

3.1 Direct Effect of This Workshop

This workshop provides distributed data sharing networks for developing countries along the B&R to provide software, standards, services, resource construction and other technical training forces, and reserves excellent talents for data sharing services. Accumulated and shared disaster scientific data in the region, providing a batch of basic data resources for data sharing in the region, optimizing the data sharing mechanism, improving the efficiency of data sharing, and supporting the service of ANSO. At the same time, the disaster risk reduction system (http://drr.ikcest.org) was publicized, raising the awareness of scientific data sharing and disaster prevention and mitigation, enhancing the friendship of young scientists among regions along the B&R and expanding the international cooperation opportunities. This workshop also enhanced IKCEST's international influence along the B&R, and laid the foundation for future substantive cooperation in the related fields.

3.2 Promote International Scientific and Technological Cooperation

(1) The research group went to Russia for academic discussions and field work.

After the workshop, the research team led by Wang Juanle, from the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, established a good cooperative relationship with Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and Pacific Geographical Institute of the Institute of Comprehensive Analysis of Regional Issues. The research team formed by them jointly carried out academic seminars and field work in the Russian Far East from May 25 to June 2. The research group has visited the Russian Pacific Ocean Institute, Pacific Geographical Institute, Russian Far East WWF Amur Branch, Russian Far Eastern Federal University, and conducted field investigations on the Russian Marine Nature Reserve.

With the support of Russian Pacific Ocean Institute, they went to the Russian Marine Nature Reserve for field investigations and conducted in-depth investigations on the data collection and management of Cape Schultz, the Marine Ecological Protection Station of Russian Pacific Ocean Institute.

During the investigation, the research team collected the basic data of regional climate and disaster required, and formed a consensus on jointly building the data sharing and collaborative innovation platform of China - Mongolia -Russia economic corridor, which laid a good foundation for the continuous cooperation and implementation of the project.

The research team in Russian Far Eastern Federal University

The research group exchanges at the WWF Amur branch of Russia

(2) International workshop conducted a publicity report at the Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. 

Alexander Ayurzhanaev, from Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, performed well during the workshop, and made a report at the SiDRR Conference and won the excellent report award.

He published news of our workshop on his institution's official website after returning, which expanded our influence and laid the foundation for follow-up cooperation and training and enrollment. Attached is the link to the report in Russia: https://www.binm.ru/ru/news/?ELEMENT_ID=1138

Propaganda report on international workshop in Russia

(3) Members of the research group were invited to Russia to participate in the international scientific and practical conference on "geographical basis and ecological principles of regional policy of natural management"

Anastasia Miadzeletc, from the Geographical Research Institute of Srikutsk, Russian Academy of Sciences, learned that his institution was going to hold an international scientific and practical conference on "geographical basis and ecological principles of regional policies for natural management" after returning to Russia. At the first time, he invited members of the research group to participate in the international conference held in Syrkuz, Russian Academy of Sciences on September 23 ‒ 27. After receiving the invitation, the research group responded positively and has determined one doctoral student to participate.

(4) The members of the research group are invited to participate in the summer camp of environmental science in Mongolia

Chultem Batbold, a student from Mongolian National University, invited us to recommend students to participate in the Environmental Science Summer Camp held from June 18th to June 27th. The purpose of this summer camp is to understand the natural landscapes of grasslands, semi-deserts, and mountains, and experience traditional Mongolian culture, Nomadic lifestyle, etc. After receiving the invitation, the research group responded positively and has sent 2 postgraduate students to participate in the activity.

(5) The research team went to Mongolia to jointly carry out cooperative research and field investigations along the China-Mongolia Railway (Mongolia Section)

The School of Environmental and Forestry Engineering of Mongolian National University invited our team members to go to Mongolia from June 26th to July 6th this year to discuss the research content and field sampling issues of land degradation along the China-Mongolia Railway (Mongolia Section). At that time, both China and Mongolia will cross the China-Mongolia Railway many times along the S-shaped route, jointly carry out grassland biomass collection, soil moisture content, temperature, and salinity survey, and land cover type survey along the China-Mongolia Railway (Mongolia section). They provided field survey data support for the assessment of the land degradation pattern along the China-Mongolia Railway and even Mongolia, and discussed the land degradation issues along the China-Mongolia Railway (Mongolia section), put forward relevant opinions and exchanged follow-up cooperation.

3.3 Early Stage Project Effect Tracking

(1) Joint Scientific Investigation

From 2013 to 2018, Wang Juanle's research team went to Mongolia to cooperate with Mongolian Academy of Sciences and Mongolian National University to carry out cooperative research and field investigations. With the assistance of Mongolian friends such as Nyamdavaa Batsaikhan and Davaadorj Davaasuren, five comprehensive scientific investigations have been carried out successively in many provinces and cities in the central, eastern and southern regions of Mongolia. On the basis of 30 meter remote sensing classification and mapping in the central province of Mongolia, they conducted field verification on the inversion results of vegetation coverage and remote sensing classification results in the central province of Mongolia, and carried out grassland biomass and drought investigation, accumulated valuable scientific data of resources and environment, and provided more basic data support such as land cover data products for cooperative research.

(2) Joint research project

Wang Juanle's research team has established a continuous and stable cooperative relationship with relevant institutions and scientists in Mongolia. On May 4, 2017, Wang Juanle ’s research team and Mongolian National University successfully jointly applied for “Study on land use and land cover pattern and change and analyze the environmental effect along the Mongolia part of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor (P2017 -2396) "project, which was implemented in June 2017. The project aims to acquire the land use or cover patterns and changes in the Mongolian section of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor; grasp the impact of land use or cover changes on grassland yield, road erosion, SPA, etc .; provide regional decision support opinions for the construction of the B&R and regional sustainable development. In January 2019, the research team and Mongolian National University and Mongolian National Remote Sensing Center successfully applied for the "land graduation pattern in Mongolia" project supported by the Asian Research Center of Mongolia Korea Foundation for higher research, which was implemented in January 2019. The project aims to achieve the scientific goal of no growth of land degradation in Mongolia by 2030, independently acquire the pattern and dynamics of land cover, grassland degradation and desertification in Mongolia in the past 30 years with high spatial resolution, discover the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and basic laws of land degradation in Mongolia, and objectively identify the current situation and trend of land degradation in Mongolia.

Wang Juanle’s research team cooperates with the Institute of comprehensive analysis of regional problems of Far East Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Baikal Lake Natural Management Institute of Siberia branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, National University of Mongolia and other institutions to apply for the international cooperation project of "research and development of key technologies of travel decision support system between China and Russia and between the two countries taking climate risks into consideration". The project aims to respond to the needs of rapid decision-making support such as the travel between China and Russia, the development of emerging tourism resources, etc., to study the multi-factor model of human climate comfort model, extreme weather and climate event risk identification during the travel between China and Russia under the influence of climate change, to integrate the above model product library and the travel climate meteorological event public opinion database of network big data mining, and to develop a comprehensive decision support system for China Russia travel, which can provide scientific decision support for all-weather fixed-point, timed, safe and comfortable travel between China and Russia.

（3）Collaborate to publish articles

Based on the field survey, Wang Juanle's research team and Mongolian and Russian institutions have made progress in regional resource and environmental data acquisition and analysis, and jointly published more than ten academic papers and a monograph.

4. Development Situation and Potential Cooperation Direction of the Recipient Country in this Field

4.1 Status of relevant technical fields in major recipient countries

4.1.1 Resources and Environment

Russia still lacks national system and standards for resource and environmental data sharing. The common data sharing standards are 7.32 -2001: research work report structure and rules. At present, the authoritative data sharing websites are Federal State Statistics Service (http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/en/main/)，Russian Open data portal(https://data.gov.ru)、Territorial (local) level of Federal State Statistics Service(http://evrstat.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_ts/evrstat/ru/statistics)，UNIFIED INTERDEPARTMENTAL INFORMATION AND STATISTICAL SYSTEM(https://www.fedstat.ru/). Climate database: All Russian Research Institute of Hydrometeorological Information – World Data Center (RIHMI-WDC) (http://cliware.meteo.ru/meteo/index_en.html). Demographic data: Center for Demographic Research at the New Economic School(http://demogr.nes.ru/en/demogr_indicat/data) . Scientific data: Russian Science Citation Index, eLIBRARY.RU( https://elibrary.ru/，https://elibrary.ru/keywords.asp) . RS and GIS data：Roscosmos Geoportal. Satellite images Service( https://gptl.ru/)、Public cadastral map(https://pkk5.rosreestr.ru/), Remote Monitoring Information System (ISDM - Rosleskhoz) of the Federal Agency for Forestry (https://nffc.aviales.ru/main_pages/index.shtml).

Mongolia’s resource and environment data sharing follows international and national standards. In 2015, three standards related to national spatial database infrastructure were implemented: geographic data metadata MNS 5774: 2007; geographic data—MNS-ISO-TC-19104: 2012; information technology network Security information technology security methods and remote access security. Mongolia has two authoritative official data resource websites, Environmental Information Center and National Statistical Organization. Among them, the Environmental Information Center aims to provide a set of information technology for the collection, transmission, processing, use, storage, processing, modification, re-updating and protection of environmental data. At present, the website only provides Mongolian language; the National Statistical Organization website contains a large number of Social and economic information, such as cadastre, demography, commodity prices, infrastructure, agriculture, investment, national economic accounting, transportation, import and export, health, education, science, etc. The website supports both English and Mongolian languages.

The Pakistani government is funding various public sector organizations to develop data, but data sharing between these organizations is very lacking.

There are few data sharing centers or websites in Nepal, and most universities and institutions have not released an open data sharing policy. Among them, the international organization International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) has an open data sharing policy. This is the largest organization in Nepal and shares very important data, especially in the Himalayas, Hindu Kush, and Karakorum.

Sudan is a geographical area south of the Sahara, extending from the west to east Central Africa. As Sudan’s main source of wealth, its natural resources are the cause of competition and conflict. Resource conflicts are often the result of population growth, climate change, and poor environmental management. But at present, Sudan has not established a scientific data sharing center as required.

4.1.2 Disaster Risk Reduction Service Area

Russia is threatened by more than 30 kinds of natural disasters, and attaches great importance to the impact of the protection of scientific and technological personnel and technology on social and economic development. At present, the federal law "environmental disaster zones" has been issued, and "disaster risk reduction in RF for the period up to 2025" has been carried out. Russia has established the Russian Scientific and Social Disaster Risk Analysis Center, and is preparing to build a Russian cross-border and cross-regional natural, technical and biological characteristics of the economic situation risk mapping model research. The existing disaster databases are: The Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters (http://en.mchs.ru/), Russian scientific society for risk analysis (REAR) Российское научное общество анализа риска (РНОАР) (http://sra-russia.ru/ ), All-Russian public organization "Russian Union of Rescuers" (http://www.ruor.org/).

Due to climate change in Mongolia, the environmental conditions in the arid areas of Mongolia are deteriorating. The National Emergency Management Agency of Mongolia issued the Mongolian Defense Disaster Law in June 2003. This is the legal level of disaster prevention and mitigation work in Mongolia. The country has been firmly committed to developing national disaster management planning methods and operational capabilities. However, from the perspective of security, the disaster information of Mongolia has not been made public temporarily. A However, from the perspective of security, the disaster information of Mongolia has not been made public temporarily. At present, there are no published disaster risk management policies and technical specifications in Mongolia. The national emergency management agency, the Mongolian capital emergency agency and other agencies continue to formulate relevant specifications. The disaster related information service websites in Mongolia include www.eic.mn、www.nema.gov.mn and www.nobg.gov.mn.

Pakistan faces a variety of hydrological and climatic disasters, including deluge, flash floods, landslides, avalanches, extreme temperatures, droughts, earthquakes and fires. Pakistan remains the victim of complex emergencies including terrorist attacks. Poor people in dangerous areas face the risk of natural disasters and man-made disasters, and are affected by disasters every year. The national disaster risk reduction policy was approved by the National Disaster Management Commission of Pakistan in 2013. International disaster prevention and mitigation policies, disaster risk reduction and management policies have been formulated.

Nepal is one of the most disaster prone areas in the world, where people are affected by floods almost every year, and Nepal faces multiple risks of vulnerability. The main centers and networks providing disaster reduction knowledge services in Nepal are Ministry of Home Affairs, http://moha.gov.np/en；National Planning Commission，https://www.npc.gov.np/, Department of Water Induced Disaster Prevention，http://www.dwidp.gov.np/；International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD)，http://www.icimod.org/；National Society for Earthquake Technology - Nepal (NSET)，http://www.nset.org.np/nset2012/；Nepal Red Cross Society (NRCS)

, www.nrcs.org/；Disaster Preparedness Network (DPNet-Nepal), https://www.dpnet.org.np/.

 Sudan faces a wide range of environmental, social and natural resource challenges, such as deforestation, land degradation, biodiversity and habitat loss, air, land and water pollution, conflict over natural resource reduction, food insecurity, sanitation services in urban areas, and water resource management. All of these problems are exacerbated by climate change and hinder the sustainable development of Sudan. Similarly, it is necessary to establish disaster prevention and mitigation knowledge service centers in Sudan.

4.2 Common Technology or Market Demand in Recipient Countries

Generally speaking, these recipient countries are juvenility in the field of resource and environment data sharing. The data centers are often independent, and data sharing cannot be achieved. The data volume and openness of these data centers are relatively low, and they are eager to build a network of resource and environment data sharing in their own countries, so these countries need to learn the technology and methods of resource and environment science data sharing, so as to better promote the development of related fields in their own countries. In the aspect of disaster risk reduction and management, most countries have established disaster management departments, but they lack perfect disaster risk reduction framework system, professional disaster data center, and some countries do not publish disaster information, which greatly hinders the sharing of disaster information. Therefore, the establishment of communication bridges between countries through training and exchanges can help international cooperation in Silk Roads disaster risk reduction.

4.3 Potential Cooperation Directions with Recipient Countries

(1) The B&R International Union of Scientific Organizations. In June 2014, the International Conference on the Ecological Environment and Sustainable Development of the Silk Road Economic Belt was held in Beijing. More than 200 scientists from countries along the Silk Road and relevant international organizations jointly initiated the establishment of the "Silk Road Economic Belt Scientist Union ". At present, it has been initiated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and jointly established with science and education institutions and related international organizations in more than 40 countries and regions. It was officially established in Beijing on November 4, 2018. This workshop can provide potential alliance members for the B&R international scientific organization.

(2) Countries should strengthen cooperation and research in various fields.

——Russia: Regional climate and disaster cooperation in the Russian Far East and the Pacific region;

——Mongolia: Strengthen cross-border cooperation in the study of land use changes and its impact on the ecological environment in the Mongolian section of the Sino-Mongolian-Russian economic corridor;

——Pakistan: Strengthen the resource and environmental survey and data sharing of the China-Pakistan economic corridor;

——Nepal: Carry out cooperation with Nepal's regional resource and environment data sharing policies, standards and flood disaster management;

——Sudan: Carry out cooperation in combating climate change and promoting sustainable development.

(3) Establish a talent exchange mechanism. There is a huge space for cooperation in the areas of mutual visits of young scientists, personnel training, exchange and training of postgraduates, etc. In particular, China is welcome to the donor countries for special training.

4.4 Plan and Arrangement for Subsequent Project Cooperation

(1) Submit a survey on the current status of data sharing, existing resources and cooperation proposals of various countries;

(2) Continue to provide talents for the B&R International Union of Scientific Organizations;

(3) Promote exchanges and specific cooperation on resource and environmental science issues in resource & environment scientific date sharing along the B&R;

(4) Promote the exchange and cooperation of disaster risk reduction technologies for the B&R.

Attachment 1 Test report

Question 1：

Silk Road crosses many countries and covers large are in the Asia，Europe and Africa. The geography and local ecology and environmental condition influenced the past Silk Road and will influence the Silk Road Economic Belt in the near future. According to the requirements of the plan and construction of Silk Road Economic Belt, a serial of ecology and environmental factors are analyzed as below, including land relief, soil, land cover, ecological zone, temperature, precipitation, atmospheric circulation dust, pollutants. Is this statement true or false?

A: True                                      count: 39 percent: 97.50

B: False                                      count: 0 percent: 0.00

C: Half true half false                           count: 1 percent: 2.50

Question 2：

Scientific data curation has become a hot spot in the filed of professional disciplines, information science and library science，the correct order of scientific data curation is ?

A: Creating data →Preserving data →Processing data → Analysing data →Providing access to data →Re-using data              count: 5 percent: 12.50

B: Creating data → Processing data → Analysing data → Preserving data → Providing access to data → Re-using data            count: 26 percent: 65.00

C: Creating data →Processing data → Analysing data →Providing access to data → Preserving data → Re-using data             count: 8 percent: 20.00

D: Processing data → Analysing data → Creating data → Preserving data → Providing access to data → Re-using data             count: 1 percent: 2.50

Question 3 （multiple choice）：

Frequent disasters occurs in the Silk Road Economic Belt and Maritime Silk Road region, Which of the following disasters are likely to occur frequently in Either of the two regions?

A: Earthquake                                  count: 27 percent: 67.50

B: Flood                                       count: 26 percent: 65.00

C: Drought                                     count: 18 percent: 45.00

D: Tropical Cyclone                              count: 21 percent: 52.50

Question 4 （multiple choice）：

Scientific data sharing is a comprehensive project which involves?

A: Policies and technique specification                    count: 24 percent: 60.00

B: Data integration and database construction            count: 27 percent: 67.50

C: Key technologies and network platform                count: 22 percent: 55.00

D: Operation mechanism and user service                 count: 32 percent: 80.00

Question 5：

The role of Metadata Server in DRR Knowledge Service System？

A: Articles, documents, datasets, maps, Videos        count: 17 percent: 42.50

B: Exchange with other data center via API           count: 20 percent: 50.00

C: Visualization, management via location            count: 3 percent: 7.50

Question 6 （multiple choice）：

Which of the following functions are available on the Disaster Risk Reduction Knowledge Service website (drr.ikcest.org)?

A: Data                                        count: 25 percent: 62.50

B: Maps                                        count: 25 percent: 62.50

C: Thematic knowledge applications (e.g., earthquake distribution visualization) count: 39 percent: 97.50

D: Experts database                             count: 23 percent: 57.50

E: Organization database                         count: 24 percent: 60.00

F: Training resources                             count: 27 percent: 67.50